The Effects on Media Violence Essay - 1874 Words

I chose this topic because I want to be a videogame designer and I wanted to defend my right to create what I want. Unfortunately, after researching this topic it is clear that it is no longer possible to say violent media is completely harmless. Videogames and television do have harmful effects on children and young adults. Research has been done since the 1950’s and almost all studies show clear evidence that media violence does cause increased violent tendencies, desensitization, and antisocial behavior – which is the same as sociopathic and psychopathic behavior, it does not mean introverted. Understanding this, I want to make it clear that censorship should not be the solution. I believe that artists should be able to make and†¦show more content†¦Research Findings In the media there is a great deal of violence and nobody can really deny that. However, the effects media has on children and young adults have been debated for years. In this paper I will be discussing the effects of media violence, the other factors, and the possible solutions to alleviate this global issue. Violent media has been proven time and time again over the past 60 years to cause increased aggression in children and young adults. The long term and short term exposure to violent media has been shown to cause â€Å"increased feelings of hostility, expectations that others will behave aggressively, desensitization to the pain of others, and increased likelihood of interacting and responding to others with violence† (Committee on Public Education). One of the most famous experiments don e on the subject was done in 1961 by the psychologist Albert Bandura at Stanford University. In this experiment children between the ages of three and six were put in a playroom containing a many activities and toys (Cherry). One of those toys was a bobo doll; a 5 foot tall inflatable doll. An adult would enter and either play with the child from a complete ten minutes, the control group, or at some point during those ten minutes begin beating up the doll, the experimental group. They would also say things such as â€Å"pow† and â€Å"he keeps coming back for more† while attacking it (Cherry).Show MoreRelatedMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household,Read MoreThe Effects of Violence in the Media944 Words   |  4 PagesViolence in the media started as early when Plato was around Complaints about violence in the media being harmful appear all through history. Even Plato was worried about the effects on children. The study of violence in the media reviews the amount of correlation between the themes of violence in our media sources with real-world damage and violence over time. A lot of this research has been deprived from the social learnin g theory concluded by Albert Bandura. The media effects thoughts in modernRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On The Media1550 Words   |  7 PagesThe effect of violence in the media is a big controversy; some say it affects are society and others say that there is not any proof of this. There are many theories on how violence in media does, and how it does not, affect our society. Many people claim watching television or even playing video games will affect children’s or young adults’ minds. Researches claim that they found no evidence of change in aggressiveness in children or young adults while playing video games. Researchers allowed childrenRead MoreThe Effects of Violence in the Media2052 Words   |  8 PagesViolence in the Media It has been a long day and you decide to sit down to relax while watching some television. You turn on the TV and begin flipping through channels. On one channel, you see some random news report on a tragic school shooting that occurred across the country. Changing to another, you might catch the last 30 minutes of a slasher, horror flick. The last channel you come across, before turning off the TV, features a popular television show where the main cast fights a new villainRead MoreEffects of Media Violence1973 Words   |  8 PagesThe potential relationship between media violence and actual aggression comes to the forefront of public discussion, but unfortunately this discussion rarely takes into account the science related to the relationship between media violence and aggressive behavior. In particular, there is a widespread assumption that media violence directly causes aggression and aggressive behavior, and this assumption has become so common that even secondary scholarly discussions of the evidence have taken to relyingRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On The Media1782 Words   |  8 PagesU61976910 Introduction It has been said that violence in the real world becomes â€Å"much more acceptable after you ve seen infinitely greater violence on the screen (Maslin 1982). Seeking to test that hypothesis, researchers have sought to find how long it takes for individuals to become desensitized to violence in television. As intimate partner violence accounts for 15% of all crime, researchers have sought to understand the causes behind the violence. Linz, Donnerstein, and Penrod operationalizedRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Behavioral Violence916 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Media Violence on Behavioral Violence in Young Adults in America The influence of mass media has progressively increased in American society, but can the media have effects beyond mere entertainment and impartial information? American culture has become saturated with online news reports, social media, and media entertainment. Technology has become a major factor in America’s social environment. Much of the information gained from digital sources involves or portrays violence, andRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On The Media Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesThe media has become one of the main sources where people obtain their information from. This information can be taken in knowingly, or through subliminal messages. The media like magazines, videos, commercials, television shows, and movies. Since, media has major influence over the public; violence being portrayed in the media is causing problems. Violence against women in the media has been happening for decades. The violence has been taking shape in many forms, as in emotional a nd physical violenceRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Media Violence In The Media754 Words   |  4 Pagesabout violence portrayed in the media, I noticed that many violent images in the media such as movies, videogames, and music have inspired people to commit large amounts of violent acts, such as committing assaults and murders. It is proven that children can he affected by the violence in media, when they are at a small age. When adults, some can be more aggressive than others, and some may commit more crimes than others. Over 1,000 case studies have proven that media violence can haveRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On People1388 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Media Violence on People Media violence impacts the physical aggression of human beings. It is one of the many potential factors that influence the risk for violence and aggression. Research has proven that aggression in children will cause the likelihood of aggression in their adulthood. Theories have evolved that the violence present in the media most likely teaches the viewer to be more violent. It is a risky behavior that is established from the childhood. Furthermore, media violence

The Pardoner as Symbol in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury...

The Pardoner as Symbol for the Pilgrims’ Unattainable Goals in Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer’s work, The Canterbury Tales, paints a portrait of medieval life through the voices and stories of a wide variety of speakers. The people on the Pilgrimage tell their stories for a wide range of reasons. Each Tale is told in order to accomplish two things. The Tales provoke their audience as much as they are a kind of self-reflection. These reactions range from humor, to extreme anger, to open admiration. Each story is symbolic for a meaning above the actual plot of the narrative itself. The theme of social and moral balance is one theme which ties every character and Tale together. The character of the Pardoner†¦show more content†¦Though each storyteller is by some means removed from his comrades through gender, social, or political differences, each Pilgrim strives to seek a balance in his or her own life. In this respect, balance is defined as the desire to be at peace within one’s own mind, as well as with the people living around you. By relating any type of story, the speaker tries to paint an attractive portrait of a particular reality to the listening audience. In his story concerning the three riotoures, the Pardoner tries to achieve a balance between his sinful ways and the mandates passed down by his religion, directly from the Pope himself (VI, 661). The character of the Pardoner exhibits this desire more than any other character in The Canterbury Tales. Though his story talks about the ways by which people are brought down by their sins, underneath it lies a theme of self awareness through the process of learning about one’s own motivating factors. The character of the Pardoner in the General Prologue is described using words which hide, or throw into confusion, traditional gender stereotypes. The typical traits of what is considered to be masculine or feminine can not be applied to his character. He is described as being gentil (VI, 669) at the same time as he is Dischevelee, (VI, 683). His unkempt, but non-opposing physical appearance is not at all similar to the appearance of the other male characters on the Pilgrimage.Show M oreRelatedThe Pardoner, a Symbol of Greed in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales616 Words   |  3 PagesGeoffrey Chaucer’s famous medieval classic, The Canterbury Tales, offers its readers a vast array of characters. This God’s plenty features numerous unique and challenging individuals, but there is one specifically who stands out as particularly interesting. The immoral Pardoner, who, in a sense, sells away his soul for the sake of his own avarice, puzzles many modern readers with his strange logic. Already having laid his considerable guilt upon the table, this corrupted agent of the Church attemptsRead MoreChaucer s Candide And Shakespeare s Macbeth1317 Words   |  6 Pagesliterary works were written as a way to give commentary on the society in which the author lived such as Voltaire’s’ Candide and Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Geoffrey Chaucer, famous for his The Canterbury Tales, and considered instrumental in the creation of English li terature, is not as well known for social commentary in his writing. However, The Canterbury Tales do indeed possess insight and analysis of society, namely the role of the authority figures in the Church. Chaucer was critical of the abuses andRead MoreLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales1224 Words   |  5 PagesLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales I have been studying Geoffrey Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, of which I looked specifically at six portraits, these being: the Knight, his son, a young squire, the prioress, the wife of Bath, the Miller and the Pardoner. From these portraits I was able to observe the ways of life and society in medieval times. I found out about social status, fashion, wealthRead MoreEssay on Sin, Guilt and Shame in The Pardoners Tale1371 Words   |  6 Pages   Geoffrey Chaucers The Pardoners Tale, a relatively straightforward satirical and anti-capitalist view of the church, contrasts motifs of sin with the salvational properties of religion to draw out the complex self-loathing of the emasculated Pardoner. In particular, Chaucer concentrates on the Pardoners references to the evils of alcohol, gambling, blasphemy, and money, which aim not only to condemn his listeners and unbuckle their purses, but to elicit their wrath and expose his eunuchismRead MoreMore Than Mere Trifles1081 Words   |  5 Pagesnotable shrine in England is the tomb of Thomas Becket. Becket was at one time the archbishop of Canterbury who stood up against King Henry II of England. This quarrel led to Becket’s eventual murder in the Canterbury Cathedral in 1170. Pope Alexander III declared Becket a martyr and saint after the archbishop’s murder. This immortalization, in turn, caused Becket to transcend into a sort of religious symbol. A myth surrou nding Becket’s murder quickly arose in the local community. The rumor was thatRead MoreFourteenth Century Society in Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales1771 Words   |  8 PagesNothing gives us a better idea of medieval life than Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales. Written in the late fourteenth century in the vernacular, it gives us an idea of the vast spectrum of people that made up the different classes within society. The poem describes the knightly class, the clergy, and those who worked for a living, thus describing the different classes as well. Chaucer gives us a cross-section of fourteenth century society by giving us the small details of people’s clothingRead MoreSub--Chaucer art of characterization as found in prologue of Canterbury by marufa sultana.2939 Words   |  12 Pagesundertaking a journey to the Shrine of St. Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The group is assembling as Chaucer arrives and, as he observes the group and interacts with so me of them, he decides that he will join their party. From his vantage point as anonymous Narrator, Chaucer describes the scene and the pilgrims as they arrive. In the prologue, The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is about the pilgrimage of many different characters to Canterbury. Chaucer writes about the characters personalities and

Rubber Production

Question: If the prices of rubber used in the production of tires increases and the price for cars falls at the same time then the price of the car tires will rise in the market but it wont have any effect on the quantity purchased and supplied. Explain. Answer: If the prices of rubber used in the production of tires increases and the price for cars falls at the same time then the price of the car tires will rise in the market but it wont have any effect on the quantity purchased and supplied. Initially the demand for the car tiers was D1 and the supply was S1. The equilibrium price is P1 and the equilibrium quantity is Q1. When the price of the rubber used in producing car tiers raises the cost of production rises and the supply for that commodity falls shifting the supply curve to its left. At the same time when the price of the cars in the market falls then the demand for the cars will rise in the market. The demand curve will shift to its right. When both the demand and supply curve shift at the same time then the prices of the car tiers will rise from P1 to P2 but the quantity demanded and supplied will remain same at Since car tires and cars are complementary goods any changes in price will have a positive effect (Borio 2014). In a perfectly competitive market for apples when the price of pears rises then the demand for apple rises because pears and apples are perfect substitutes. The demand shifts to it right supply remaining the same. The price of apple rises in the market due to which the individual producer earns supernormal profit in short run. But in long run since the individual firms cannot earn supernormal profit it will only earn normal profit as when the demand curve shifts to right it does not have any effect on price due to presence of competition in the market. Since apple and pears are substitutes any changes in price will have inverse relation (Mankiw 2014). Intersection of short run aggregate supply and aggregate demand is the equilibrium output or level in short run. The potential GDP is given as the long run supply curve. It is also the full emolument level of output. The short run equilibrium is given by E in the following diagram where equilibrium price is 95 trillions of 2000 yen and equilibrium output is 500 trillion yen. The equilibrium output is the actual output level. Real GDP is given as potential output minus the actual output. Real GDP in this case is 100 trillion yen (Fats and Mihov 2013). Japan has a recessionary gap because the equilibrium or the actual output is less than the potential output. This means that economy is utilizing all the resources properly to produce the output that the economy can. Recessionary gap can be corrected by using proper fiscal policies. Recessionary gap is the level at which the economy is not able to produce at a full employment level. Expansionary fiscal policies help the economy come out of recession. Increase in government expenditure and lowering the taxes will help the economy come out of recession. Recessionary gap means the economy is at a lower GDP or aggregate demand level. So increasing the components that contribute to the aggregate demand needs to expand in order to take economy out of recession. Since cutting taxes increases the disposable income that people have will result in increase in demand. Increase in government expenditure also increases the aggregate demand in the economy that will help Japan come out of recession . Fiscal policies include policies such as government expenditure and taxes. If the aggregated demand shifts to right to the level of potential GDP then the recessionary gap falls in the economy (Nakamura and Steinsson 2015). Italy was going through a recessionary phase in 2012 because the real GDP is lower than the potential GDP. The unemployment rate was also rising as can be seen from the case study. Consumer and government spending is also decreasing that is leading the economic activity to fall. During recessionary gap the income and the aggregated demand of the economy fall. Decrease in consumption decreases the aggregate demand further. Recessionary gap is situation when the real GDP is lower than the actual GDP (Kubiszewski et al. 2013). When the Italian economy moves to 2013 from 2012 the unemployment in the economy is rising, the consumer spending is also falling and so is the government expenditure. Due to these macroeconomic indicators the economic activity falls in Italy. A decrease in consumer spending, government spending and rise in unemployment rate decreases the aggregate demand in the economy falls due to which the aggregate demand in the economy falls and shifts to left. This further decreases the price and also the real GDP in the economy causing the economy to fall further in the recession. The aggregate demand falls due to which the prices and the equilibrium output falls further (com. 2016). Unemployment rate in Italy in January 2013 was 11.3% and in July 2013 it was 12.1%. Labor force participation rate in January 2013 is given by 20,000,000/40,100,000 = 0.49%. Labor force participation rate in July 2013 is 27,000,000/40,900,000 = 0.66%. The unemployment rate in Italy rose in 2013 when compared to the previous year (com. 2016). The country chosen is Australia and the key macroeconomic indicators that affect the economy are GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate and interest rate. The GDP growth rate is increasing in the economy and so are the exports. Exports are greater than imports. The inflation rate is stable and the unemployment rate is rising. The economy is said to be stable (MacroPlan 2014). References Borio, C., 2014. The financial cycle and macroeconomics: What have we learnt?.Journal of Banking Finance,45, pp.182-198. Fats, A. and Mihov, I., 2013. Policy volatility, institutions, and economic growth.Review of Economics and Statistics,95(2), pp.362-376. Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T. and Aylmer, C., 2013. Beyond GDP: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress.Ecological Economics,93, pp.57-68. MacroPlan Dimasi. (2014).The Australian Business Cycle 2015/2016: Excellent Property Sector Outlook?. [online] Available at: https://macroplan.com.au/australian-business-cycle-20152016-excellent-property-sector-outlook/ [Accessed 3 Jun. 2016]. Mankiw, N.G.R.E.G.O.R.Y., 2014.Principles of macroeconomics. Cengage Learning. Nakamura, E. and Steinsson, J., 2015. Assessing the effects of monetary and fiscal policy.NBER Reporter, (1), pp.22-25. Tradingeconomics.com. (2016).Australia | Economic Indicators. [online] Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/australia/indicators [Accessed 3 Jun. 2016]. Ycharts.com. (2016).Italy Youth Unemployment Rate. [online] Available at: https://ycharts.com/indicators/italy_youth_unemployment_rate_lfs [Accessed 3 Jun. 2016].

Minit-Lube Case Study Essay Example

Minit-Lube Case Study Paper Date: September 12, 2011 1. What constitutes the mission of Minit-Lube? To provide fast, reliable and superior service in a customer friendly environment while ensuring lowest possible prices. 2. How does the Minit-Lube operations strategy provide competitive advantage? A narrow products strategy could be defined as lubricating automobiles that allows the subsequent development of more focused and efficient operations. Because of limited task variety, high repetition, good training, and good manuals, quality should be relatively easy to maintain. The process strategy allows employees and capital investment to focus on doing this mission well, rather than trying to be a general purpose garage or gas station. Facilities are usually located near residential areas. The three bays are designed specifically for lubrication and vacuuming tasks to minimize wasted movement on the part of the employees and to contribute to the speedier service. Purchasing is facilitated by negotiation of large purchases and custom packaging. Focuses on hiring a few employees with limited skills and training them in a limited number of tasks during the performance of which they can be closely supervised. Should be relatively low, and they should expect a high turnover. Scheduling: Scheduling should be very direct, assisting both staffing and customer relation. Very little equipment to be maintained, little preventive maintenance required. We will write a custom essay sample on Minit-Lube Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Minit-Lube Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Minit-Lube Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With three bay and three systems, there is backup available in the case of failure. 3. Is it likely that Minit-Lube has increased productivity over its more traditional competitors? Why? How would we measure productivity in this industry? Yes, precise task assignments and good training are designed to move the car into and out of the bay in 10 minutes. The idea is to charge no more, and hopefully less, than gas stations, automotive repair chains, and auto dealers, while providing better service.

Capitalizing the Elements of a Compound Word in a Title

Capitalizing the Elements of a Compound Word in a Title Capitalizing the Elements of a Compound Word in a Title Capitalizing the Elements of a Compound Word in a Title By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about the capitalization of this title: â€Å"We Should Be People-oriented†: In this book I’m editing, there are many such [compounds], all with the second element uncapped. I looked for but didn’t find it in the CMS [The Chicago Manual of Style]. Is there a rule on this? It looks incomplete to me! The question of whether to capitalize the second element of a compound word in a title is one of style. Different style guides recommend different usage. Compare the following pairs: Surviving the Top Ten Challenges of Software Testing: A People-Oriented Approach Studying individual Development in An Interindividual Context: A Person-oriented Approach Anti-feminism in the Academy Anti-Intellectualism in American Life Capital in the Twenty-First Century Wealth and Power: Chinas Long March to the Twenty-first Century Neruda: Concerto in E-flat for Trumpet Strings Piano Concerto No. 1 in E-Flat Major The Chicago Manual of Style addresses the question of hyphenating the second element of a compound in a title in paragraph 8:159. 1. Capitalize the second element of a compound in a title UNLESS it’s an article, a preposition, a coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor) or a modifier like sharp or flat after a musical key: Surviving the Top Ten Challenges of Software Testing: A People-Oriented Approach Neruda: Concerto in E-flat for Trumpet Strings 2. If the first element of the compound is merely a prefix or combining form (like anti-, pre-, etc.) that cannot stand by itself as a word, do not capitalize the second element of the compound UNLESS it’s a proper noun or proper adjective: Anti-feminism in the Academy Cane Fires: The Anti-Japanese Movement in Hawaii, 1865-1945 3. Capitalize the second element in a hyphenated spelled-out number like twenty-one or twenty-first: Capital in the Twenty-First Century Two-Thirds of a Ghost Note: The third rule reflects a change in Chicago style. Here’s what the latest edition has to say: â€Å"This departure from previous Chicago recommendations recognizes the functional equality of the numbers before and after the hyphen.† Related posts: Up Style and Down Style Exceptions for Hyphenating Compound Adjectives Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:36 Adjectives Describing LightRunning Amok or Running Amuck?Artist vs. Artisan

Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion!

Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion! Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion! Writing skills are a necessity in school and most people’s everyday life. If you worry about writing, have a tendency to procrastinate, or are fearful about the assignment, here are some tips to help you start writing a strong essay and finish it by deadline. #1 Set a STRICT final deadline. Deadlines are important because they compel a writer to get the work in small chunks, within a manageable time frame. If you find that you have difficulty holding yourself accountable, set computer calendar reminders and ask a friend, parent, or someone else to remind you of your goals. Set extra reminders as the final due date approaches. #2 Set a daily quota. This will help you reach your deadline and (as mentioned in item #1) break the writing task into easier, more manageable tasks. #3 Write every day. Writing every day will help you develop the habit of thinking I get to write today, instead of â€Å"I have to write today.† (And, if that mental shift doesn’t happen, at least it will be a routine that compels you to get the job done.) #4 Shut off electronic devices and find a place to write comfortably. Rid yourself of all distractions which and become more focused on writing an essay that will catches the readers attention. #5 Visualize the finished piece. Be specific in your thought process and visualize exactly what your perfect essay can (and will) look like. Have your essays proofread by someone qualified to give appropriate feedback and edits. Our team of writing professionals at are ready to assist you. Talk to us at 1-800-573-0840.

Social Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Marketing Plan - Essay Example So it is fair to say that the success of the company is not only in the number of customers but also in the use of social media (Drell, 2011, p. 123). Through adequate study on the impact of social media in marketing strategy, the company has formed its own guideline for controlling the interaction between the company and its customers. The Coca-Cola Company presence in social media is, therefore, incredibly vital in engaging its customers in the company’s operations and in facilitating constructive conversation between the company’s management and other stakeholders in the market (Coca-Cola, 2012, p. 37). The essay below therefore seeks to expound on the advantages and disadvantages of using social networking plan in Coca-Cola Marketing strategy. Coca-Cola brand is a highly valued brand in beverage and food industry. The brand is commonly known for its community involvement as well as its high sales in global market. On the other hand, to continue its dominance in glob al market, Coca-Cola Company has in the last two years actively involved itself in various social media platform. The company’s engagement in social media platform has as a result formed the bases for the company’s social marketing plan. ... In these two promotion strategies, the two teams were expected to use social media platforms such as YouTube Face-book and Twitter to identify what makes people happy in the world and to document the occurrences of the trip. Participants in the two activities used Face book and Twitter to express their experiences. The respondents’ comments were as posted in the Coca-Cola Face-book and Twitter pages Advantages To start with, the 2010 social marketing plans in Coca Cola Company proved to be very effective in the company’s internal and external operations. Internally, the use of social media tools triggered effective communication between the marketing team, communication department, and public relationship team (Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch, 2004, p. 509). Productive communication between the three teams led to the creation of an effective marketing strategy which has so far helped the Coca-Cola brand to be one of the most competitive products in global market. The compan y’s current marketing strategy has incorporated customers’ opinions and suggestions. The communication department has the mandate of updating the company’s social site and transferring the posted feedbacks to the department of public relation and marketing for action. Externally, the two promotion strategies were as well successful in linking the company to its customers. The two campaigns strategies helped the company contact more than 650 million customers in a span of 12 months. Most of the contacted customers created a very close link with the Coca-Cola brand thus advancing the brand reputation in global market. On the other hand, the two plans also demonstrated the involvement of

The Facebook Effect on the Interactions of Freshmen Essay

The Facebook Effect on the Interactions of Freshmen - Essay Example In all the recruitment methods, interested subjects were asked to send the research assistant an email regarding the project. They would then receive extra information together with a web link that would enable them complete the survey in their free time. The study was divided into three sections. The first section measured the personality traits such as homesickness, anxiety, depression, stress and self-esteem. The second section assessed the subject’s behavior on Facebook and details such as their number of friends, the number of messages received and sent and the number of comments they received on their posts.After one year, in January 2011, the same subjects were approached again through email to participate in the same survey. The participants were also contacted in June and September 2011. The aim was to access the longitudinal information collected from the subjects who participated in all the four instances in which the study was offered as well as analyze the data fr om the participants who had been involved in the study in less than four cases. The sample size in October 2010 was 161 subjects. In January 2011, there were 171 participants.The analysis of the data from the surveys clearly shows that the use of Facebook is a practical method of managing stress due to the transition to University. Linear regression showed that students who received the most comments and private messages on their posts had a higher self-esteem than those who received less feedback.

Education Essay Example for Free

Education Essay â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon, which you can use to change the world†. (1) When thinking about going back to school to finish my degree, I came upon this quote by Nelson Mandela. It touched me for two different reasons. The first, because I have not finished my own education; and second, because I am getting my degree in elementary education to be a grade school teacher. When trying to figure out which school would be best for my lifestyle and what I wanted to accomplish, there were several factors to consider. The main factors were degree, cost, time, and what fit my personality best. In today’s society, a college degree is a necessity. It is no longer an option or privilege. Most people feel the need to look good in the eyes of society. With that, comes a degree and with going to school for so long, comes a debt to be paid. WGU is by far the cheapest and quickest way to get a college degree. In today’s society, those are the top two factors when looking into going to school. With the economy being what it is, everyone is trying to better himself or herself to get a better job and make more money. If you’re looking to get your degree, WGU is the answer. The first thing I did when looking into colleges, was look for the schools that had a degree in elementary education. Not only that, but an accredited college with my degree. Several came up; options of online programs or schools with a physical campus. After seeing all the different choices, I had to think about what would work better for me. I am not a fan of a classroom, or a specific time to be in one. I hate driving to school. I am never motivated to do work, unless it is on my time, in the comfort of my choosing. Also, with the job I had at the time, I would not have been able to have a set schedule. So, I decided that online would be the best option. Although WGU does not have a specific degree in elementary education, it did have a degree in Interdisciplinary Studies (K-8), which satisfies the requirements. WGU also has one of the more flexible schedules in the online world. In today’s day and age, most everyone going to school has a job. Some even have a couple. WGU is not only aware of that, but they encourage it. They work with your prior obligations so that you don’t feel like school is taking over your life. Once figuring out that online was my best option, I then needed to weigh in on the cost. This was a bit tricky, since every online program sets their price differently. Some did it by the amount of credits taken each semester, some did it by the amount of classes, and WGU priced by term. That was initially what had caught my eye. I had never heard of that before. One set price for the six-month term; no matter how many credits you took? I was shocked. After doing all the calculations of what classes I still needed to complete my degree, WGU was the cheapest – by far. I also needed to see which schools applied financial aid, which most do. But with most of the school’s costs for just the classes, financial aid wouldn’t even make a dent. With WGU, it would pay for tuition, books, fees, etc. , plus extra for cost of living. Sounds like a no brainer, but I wanted to make sure I got the best education for the time I was going to put into it. Which brings me to my next point. I took my top three choices, by degree and cost, and looked into how much time I could put into it and how much time was required of me, for both semester/term and total, to finish my degree. All of them required at least 12 credits per semester/term to be considered full time. Which was what I wanted and needed for financial aid. Two of the three did not allow more than 18 credits a semester, with there being three semesters in a year. But WGU allowed as many credits as you are able to complete per each six-month term. So, although there are only two terms in a year, you could potentially finish school quicker, if you set your mind to it. This is an imperative point to be made when thinking of the future. WGU is the only school online that allows and encourages students to take as many courses as they can handle in a 6-month period. The last factor I had to look at was whether the school was going to fit my personality or if it would be a waste of my time and money. Once all signs pointed to WGU, I called. I spoke with a very nice and informative woman, who told me exactly what to expect and what would be expected of me. She told me that I would be talking with a mentor, in my degree, once a week for the entire time I was in school. I would also have a community for each course, along with course mentors, to reach out to for help understanding the information. She told me about the website and how easy it was to navigate through, and how organized I would be with the degree plan and other tab options they have. She ended the call with emailing me a couple informational packets, along with letting me know I could call or email anytime with any questions. After we hung up, I felt so warm and welcomed. Again, I was shocked. How could a simple phone call make me feel like I was already part of a community? That woman had to have been a great salesperson in a past life, or the school was really just that great, that it made her love her job more than one would think. Either way, she sold me. It sounded like I would fit this school more than any I have looked into in the past and I had made my decision. If you are looking for a school that makes you feel like more than just money in their pocket, some place where you feel important, then WGU is the school for you. After looking at all the research and all the facts, I decided on WGU. When combining my degree with cost, time, and my personality, WGU had it all. The cost alone can sell the school to any Joe Shmoe, but that really was just the icing on the cake for me. With the economy today, and most everyone having to work at least part time, no one has time for school. WGU has the most flexible schedule that works with your free hours, so that you don’t have to stress about getting things done by a certain time. WGU does not only have people who are there for you when you have a question, but they are there for you to root you on and they genuinely want to see you succeed. Who wouldn’t want a bunch of cheerleaders to stand on the sidelines of your own dreams? I have looked into several options for continuing education, and I would, hands down, recommend WGU over any other school out there.

Mans Effect On The Environment Essay -- essays research papers

Man’s Effect on the Environment 1) SOURCES OF POLLUTION Freshwater Environments : Man pollutes freshwater all over the world in many ways there is much waste and pollution that ends up in rivers. One of the main hazards is called eutrophication, this process becomes enriched with artificial nutrients from fertilisers which run off into the rivers and upset the natural nutrient cycle of the river, lake or pond. The water turns green because of the algae which when they die multifly using up all the oxygen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Similar consequences occur if raw sewage is pumped into a river. Chemical waste from factories dump their un wanted waste into rivers, lakes or ponds as well. One major component that effects the water wildlife is the insecticide DDT which damages animal tissue and is dangerous to humans , this can be passed along the foodchain. Marine Environments : 80% of the waste which is pumped into the sea each year is produced by dredging, 10% is industrial waste and 10% is sewage. Some of the consiquences due to this are :- presence of toxic substances and the rapid uptake of contaminants by marine organisms to name but a few. Oil spillages either by tankers or offshore ridges cause devistating effects on the local environments. Oil is extremely dense which means it floats on top of the water and can kill fish and birds, ruin beaches but nothing as yet has been invented to deal with this major problem. Dangerous metals such as mercury, arsenic and lead are also dumped into the sea. All of these examples have the ability to kill and damage the environment around it. Agricultural Environments : Unwanted plants or insects are nowadays killed with by herbicides and insecticides, in this case chemical rather than biological are used. Pesticides have the ability to damage the local environment, while herbicides may kill wild flowers as well as weeds and insecticides may kill Kris Charik R10D harmful pests but it can also kill butterflies and moths. Some of these chemicals are even dangerous to humans as well. 2) FIVE MAJOR POLLUTANTS: SULPHUR DIOXIDE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sulphur Dioxide comes from both car and factory emissions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sulphur Dioxide is a poisonous gas which can kill plants and is the main gas that is involved in Acid Rain. Oil   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oil can be spil... ...he U.S, Britain, Canada and Russia. It is not as efficient as coal as a fuel because it has a high water and ash content. Wood this is a good Biofuel as it provides 13% of the world’s energy. As wood is used so much in the poorer countries and is insufficiently burnt resources are slowly decreasing in such countries as Africa and Asia. Nowadays there are special trees which can grow more quickly therefore it is possible in the right plants wood can produce substantial amounts of energy. Kris Charik R10D Alcohol can be made during fermentation and can be used in cars as fuel. It’s main advantage is that it is more enviromentaly friendly. It can also be used to make such things as perfumes, lacquer and explosives. 8)POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT : The Government wants more people to do more in the way of giving the poorer waste food and say that we should help them as much as we can. The government has also set up charities which raise money in order to give help to particulary the extremely poor countries by using T.V adverts to raise the money. Oxfam is possibly the most well known charity that helps poor countries, Oxfam however mainly helps such countries as India and Africa.

Best Practices and Strategies Essay

Ex: functional, conglomerate, and divisional. For this list of practices we will use the divisional design. a. Divisional Design aka M form (the M stands for multidivisional): Is made up of separate, semi autonomous units or divisions and each division has its own goals to accomplish. 6) Culture: Refers to the set of values that helps its members understand what the organization stands for how it wants to accomplish what it wants to accomplish, and what it considers important. 7) Human Resource Strategy Implementation: Requires an understanding of undamental individual and interpersonal behavioral process. b. Individual Process: Psychological Contracts; Personality; Motivation; and Stress. c. Organizational system and Process: Understanding of the causes of stress, the process by which stress affects individuals can cope better with stress in organizational settings. d. Interpersonal Group Process: Group Behavior; Leadership; and Communication. Select one (1) the corporate strategies discussed in Chapter 4 and formulate a human resource strategy that will support the corporate strategy. Cost leadership strategy is one that focuses on minimizing the cost as much as possible. This strategy allows the firm to charge the lowest possible prices for its products, thereby presumably generating an overall level of revenue. A human resource strategy that will support this corporate strategy would be: a. Efficiency Ratio: keeping expenses low with earnings being high. b. Learning Curve: maintaining training and continues training of employee’s. c. Good Purchasing approach: acquiring goods or services to accomplish the goals of the firm. . Maintaining latest technology: helps maintain inventory control, which in return helps ensure products to customers. e. Strategic marketing mix to help ensure market leadership f. Superior customer service: series of activities designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction. Competitive or above average pay, employee advancement, and employee incentivizes. g. Product leadership: concept which describes delivering state of the art products in the market. Discuss the Fruit Guys business strategy. Identify three (3) other businesses that could use the five (5) questions the Fruit Guys used to determine effectiveness and identify three (3) businesses in which the business strategy would not work well. Provide a rationale for your answer. The business strategy that the Fruit Guys uses is the defender strategy. Defender strategy: works best when a business operates in an environment with relatively little uncertainty and risk and high degree of stability. The goal of the defender is to identify for itself a relatively narrow niche in the market and then to direct a limited set of products or services at he niche. After reviewing the website of the Fruit Guys, their niche is to provide fresh â€Å"healthy brain food† as the fruit guys refer to it as such to the premises of the workplace. As healthy foods to the office â€Å"can boost productivity, improve wellness and help companies improve their bottom line†. The Fruit Guys fills thousands of business of businesses in America with seasonal fresh fruit varying from small family businesses, to major Fortune 500 companies. With their customers sharing their idea on health, and the environment, this helps bring stability to the company, while their employees bring in pride, giving high productivity levels. The five questions that the Fruit Guys have based their strategy on is: I. Have we been respectful to the people we work with employees, coworkers, and customers? II. Have we been responsible to their needs? III. Have we been realistic with them about what we can or cannot do? IV. Can we take personal responsibility for the situation? V. Are we going to be remembered positively? Three companies that could use the five questions to work for their businesses are: a) Car Dealerships (especially Used Car dealerships) b) Construction Companies c) Cleaning Company Three Companies that would not benefit from the use of the five questions are: a) Jc Penny’s b) Walmart c) BJ’S Wholesale Club (ex: Costco) My reasoning behind my choices for the use of the five questions are these companies are more hand’s on with their companies, and actually rely on word of mouth business and repeat business. Without these referrals and repeat business these companies would have to rely a lot on marketing and advertising strategies. My reasoning behind my choices for these businesses that would not benefit from the five questions is because these companies are very well expanded. With many stores in many different locations of one state and through-out many states these companies do not rely on word of mouth or repeat business. As their marketing strategies, advertising strategies, and sales are what continuously brings in repeat customer, and new customers.

A Model of Christian Charity Essay

In 1630, John Winthrop led a fleet of 17 ships and a thousand puritans from England to the Massachusetts Bay. With a new place to call home, John Winthrop and the puritans hoped for a fresh start in the new world. The main reason for this new beginning was due to the fact that they had broken apart from England’s Church and had declared to start their own church. They believed that starting a new church was ordained by God and that the Massachusetts Bay area was given to them by God in order to start the Church. With a plan to start a new Church, John Winthrop created, â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† to help set guidelines. These guidelines were a mix of logic and Biblical teachings that would be used to help start the new Church. Without these guidelines the new Church surely would have not been very successful. Winthrop was essential to the foundation of the new Church, and without him, the Church would have surely failed. John Winthrop’s writing gives a foundation in which the puritans can build the Church. A main point that John Winthrop wrote is that Christians need to start serving the Lord with all of their heart and try to increase the body of Christ. Increasing the body of Christ meaning that the puritans would influence others to trust in Christ and grow the population of Christ followers. The body of Christ means the community of those who follow Christ, and the doctrine that Winthrop wrote told the puritans that they need to profess themselves as followers of Christ. They need to be able to show others the Christ in them. Winthrop says that Christians are bound together by the love of Christ, and that love is unbreakable. Another main point that Winthrop mentions is that they need to go against the crowd, the crowd meaning the English Church. Since the puritans are breaking away from the English Church, then it would be wrong to copy the English Church. That would be too easy, instead they need to do what they feel is right and go against the English Church entirely. These main points of Winthrop’s covenant were vital to the foundation of the new Church. At the end of his covenant, Winthrop discusses what will happen if the puritans were to break the covenant. If the puritans were to break the  covenant then the Lord will strike them down for not keeping the covenant. Winthrop explains that Massachusetts would be a city on a hill in which people would admire and look up to. Not one that breaks the covenant and disobeys God, rather one that praises him. The puritans need to be a beacon of light to the world and show others the way to Christ. After the puritans had landed in Massachusetts, they began the new Church and succeeded in doing so. Later in history, people use Winthrop’s ideas to say that God had chosen the United States as a beacon of democracy and freedom for others to follow, just like people followed the puritans.

Descriptions and Prescriptions

Descriptions and Prescriptions Descriptions and Prescriptions Descriptions and Prescriptions By Mark Nichol Question: How many dictionaries does it take to screw up the word lightbulb? Answer: How many you got? I’m mildly irritated whenever I see lightbulb styled as two words in an article or a book. (I can’t help it. I’m a word nerd.) That happens all the time, because it’s rarely styled correctly and when I spell-checked this post, lightbulb was flagged as a misspelling. If that’s true, then why doesn’t the dictionary style it as two words? As it turns out, many of them do and correctly is a relative judgment. My favorite dictionary, Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, widely favored by American book and magazine publishers, thus marking me as a man of taste and refinement is nearly anomalous in treating the word as a closed compound. And why is that? Dictionaries, like sensible writers and editors, try to straddle the descriptivist and prescriptivist worlds. (A descriptivist describes things as they are; a prescriptivist prescribes how things should be.) They’ll acknowledge, for example, that alright is a frequently appearing variant of â€Å"all right.† But they don’t advocate favoring it over the dominant form – or employing it, for that matter. They merely admit that it exists, for better or worse. And though rampaging hordes of feckless philistines spell â€Å"a lot† as one word, affirm an opinion by writing definately, or refer to someone else’s opinion as rediculous, you won’t find any of those aberrations in a dictionary. They have not acquired even quasi-validity not yet, anyway (shudder). But how is it that one dictionary can authoritatively display a closed compound as standard, when most others and most usage contradicts it? Compound nouns tend to follow a progression in which they begin as open compounds and progress to hyphenated form and are then closed. (Sometimes, the progression skips the middle step.) The precursor of the incandescent lightbulb was developed 200 years ago, and Merriam-Webster’s cites the first appearance in print of the closed compound in 1884. I prefer to think that this particular dictionary happens to be ahead of the curve in granting the closed compound pride of place as the correct form (without even a nod to the open alternative as a variant). But our mischievous mother tongue requires eternal vigilance. Lightbulb may be the correct form if you consider Merriam-Webster’s your lexicographical authority. But the hyphen stubbornly persists in light-year despite that word’s first attestation about the same time as lightbulb was switched on. (â€Å"Light year† implies an annum nearly devoid of gravity, perhaps, and was passed over from the beginning, while lightyear looks as if it should be pronounced â€Å"lighty ear† the same affliction that presents in copyediting, which inexplicably became favored over â€Å"copy editing.†) Meanwhile, â€Å"light box,† which has been around nearly as long it refers to a platform with an interior light source and a clear surface that allows objects placed on it to be illuminated from below still awaits the bestowal-of-the-hyphen ceremony or automatic promotion to closed compound (and perhaps waits in vain). And then there’s the confusion of referring to someone as light-headed yet lighthearted, and of distinguishing between lightening your load and a lightning strike. Such bewildering inconsistency creates a challenge for the careful writer, but it’s to be expected from such a loose language as English. The tip: Choose a dictionary (one preferred, perhaps, by whoever pays you for the honor of publishing your writing), and stray not and don’t sweat it when an otherwise enjoyable piece of someone else’s writing displays adherence to another dictionary’s dogma. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"Hyper and HypoShow, Don't Tell

How to Make Job Search Sites Work for You

How to Make Job Search Sites Work for You The Internet provides job seekers with an abundance of information about jobs that are currently available. Some online databases are immense. While this provides greater opportunity than job classifieds, the amount of time you might spend going from one job search site to another may be overwhelming. Improvising a plan to utilize the Internet to find a job is a solid decision. However, it is important to choose where you intend to look. Deciding on a job site that gives you what you need increases productivity. Why Use an Online Job Search Site?A primary reason for using an online job search site is the large quantity of jobs available for you to browse. This makes jobs in multiple fields and locations accessible. You are able to look for jobs at different levels from senior to entry levels, letting you target jobs for which you are qualified. Since the pay scale varies according to the job responsibilities and your qualifications, you will not undersell yourself. In addition, you w ill be able to preview jobs you might not have pursued before or look for positions in a different city or state.Important Aspects of the SearchDepending on the job search site, you might need to use keywords in your search. Choosing the right keyword is important, and some job search sites will offer advice on the way to do that. Being able to save searches and specific jobs is likewise important, since you might want to revisit each later.Choosing a Job Search SiteThere are basic questions you need to ask before you decide on one job search site over another. It is vital that a site is trustworthy and checking on a site before using it is a good idea. Making sure that the site updates their listings frequently ensures that you will not be applying for a job that has been filled. In addition, you might determine if using the site will fit in with the amount of time you have to spend. According to Forbes, looking for a full time job should take roughly 25 hours per week.Privacy Poli cyMaking sure that the job search site has a well-defined privacy policy is essential. Since you provide a good deal of information on your application and resume, you want to make sure the information will be protected. A job search site should clearly state its privacy policy for you to review before using it.Using TheJobNetworkTheJobNetwork offers a comprehensive plan for finding a job. You can search using a browse feature and apply for jobs as you find them, or you can upload your resume. In addition, the network searches for jobs on a 24-hour basis, sends you an alert when one is available using skills and preferences you provide and ranks the job according to its match level.When you fill out an online profile at TheJobNetwork, you provide your email address, any demographics you wish to list as well as skills and job qualifiers. You need not list your name or contact information. This allows for anonymity while using the search site and helps to protect your information. How ever, when you fill out an application for a specific job, you will need to provide the employer with your contact information. The more skills and preferences you list, the greater likelihood your search will be successful. As your information updates, you can modify your profile.TheJobNetwork makes it convenient to look for a job online, saves time, matches your search to available jobs, and sends an email alert. Using this strategy widens your job search base and can help you find the best job for you.

Service Industry Supply Chains Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Service Industry Supply Chains - Assignment Example The researcher states that today, it is not the firms that struggle with each other, but the effective supply chain management that makes the difference. Supply chain management has been regarded as one of the main concerns for companies to achieve better  performances. The Fashion Industry has been able to make  significant  alterations within its supply chain  systems  as a result of the changing characteristics of the fashion market around the world which requires price benefits by the company and fresh products by the clients. Leading Fashion chains like Zara and Gucci have  developed  successful  supply chains, to meet consumer needs in an  effective  manner. The industry has closely maintained its  focus  through the years of uninterrupted improvement and innovation supported strongly by customer needs and  satisfaction  criterion. The Fashion companies focus on providing the market frequently with the latest trends and maintain to change over 70% of the products every month. According to  Luis  Blanc, an  Inditex  Designer Director, â€Å"Most of the Fashion Companies recommend their clients to understand  that if they like something, they must buy it now, because it will not be in the shops the following week. It is all about creating a climate of scarcity and opportunity†. Every retail business that includes supply chain systems, add value to their product in some form or other. An effective supply chain management is an act of optimizing all actions throughout the supply chain process for the retail businesses, and an efficient management of the supply chain is the key to obtaining higher competitive retail business advantages. Supply chain management is all about having the right kind of resources at the right time and supply of the products to the right customers at a limited cost.

Texas Government Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Texas Government - Assignment Example Likewise, the partisan elections tedious, and can cause straight ticket voting together with electing judges based on the familiarity of the names. The long ballots can be challenging for the voters because it is difficult for the electorate to follow up on the comprehensive lists of the candidates. Due to the aforementioned challenges in the partisan elections, it is significant for the Texas State to adopt a system in which the governor appoints the judges. The death penalty is immoral and expensive, and thus the Texas State should abolish the capital punishment. Newell, Prindle, and Riddlesperger argue that the expense of executing a criminal exceeds $ 2 million, and the punishment achieves nothing in terms of deterring the potential criminals in engaging in crime (340). Exploring the issue of the death penalty from the moral point, it is unethical and immoral to terminate the life of a person. The capital punishment degrades humanity, and inflicting death on persons does not necessarily control crimes. Therefore, it is important for the Texas State to explore other alternatives of punishing the wrongdoers instead of pursuing the death penalty. It is less costly for the Texas State to practice life imprisonment as opposed to the expensive capital punishment. Sentencing the convicted people to the life in prison without the possibility of parole is a plausible alternative. Such a sentence will enable the Texas State to reduce the many funds that tend to maintain the costly death penalty system. The nomination of the city candidates to run for the office in Texas State is essential in facilitating the electorates to know and analyze the ideologies of the individual candidate. In this respect, the Texas State should endeavor to practice partisan elections in which a political party nominates the candidates to run for the office. Newell,

Software engineering and implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Software engineering and implementation - Essay Example It has a close relationship with a large number of other disciplines such as mathematics, physics and computer sciences (ACM, Inc., 2006). Basically, software engineering provides a wide variety of principles, practices and tools for software engineers throughout the software development process. However, the software development process is followed through a software development life cycle. In this scenario, a software development life cycle is a conceptual framework or a map, which defines the stages of a software development process. Basically, a software development life cycle divides the software development process into a number of stages. Additionally, each stage of a software development life cycle is aimed at achieving a particular objective (Rouse, 2009). Up till now, a large number of software development process models have been developed taking into consideration the objectives of a particular software. For instance, waterfall process model, spiral model, iterative models, agile models and so on. Though, each software process model is based on a specific ideology. However, the basic objective of all the software process models is to support the software development process by dividing the development effort into a number of stages. In this scenario, each software development model divides the software development process into different stages such as: requirements analysis, system design, coding, testing, implementation and maintenance. In addition, the execution of these stages depends on the requirements of a particular software (Kumar, Zadgaonkar, & Shukla, 2013). However, the execution of these stages flows in a sequence from upper to lower stage. This paper presents a detailed analysis of two most important stages of a traditional software development life cycle, these stages are: requirements analysis and software

Ethics Of Human Freedom Philosophy Essay

Ethics Of Human Freedom Philosophy Essay Throughout human history, freedom has been the most important and challenging aspiration to reach. Our forefathers fought for political freedom from the tyranny of occupiers, slaves fought for freedom and equality and women fought for freedom from their stereotypical household duties and their right to vote When asked to define what does freedom mean, people usually have a difficult time coming up with a concrete definition. The common answer of freedom means doing whatever I want, whenever I want generates many conflicting questions. What if ones free actions are harmful to others? Should he then still have the freedom to keep acting that way? Freedom is too abstract of an idea to be defined accurately and precisely. The notion that someone can be absolutely free is absurd. Most of the time, one persons freedom is another persons restriction. In western culture, philosophers have staked out two basic ways of thinking about freedom. The older kind, associated with what is called liberal thinking focuses on the political issues (of which property rights are a subset). In this view, you are free for expressing unpopular opinions, or criticizing government officials, or trying to take part in government yourself, or engaging in commerce, or pretty much doing as you please, so long as you dont hurt anyone. Many influential social thinkers in the 19th and 20th centuries thought that political freedom was not enough and therefore created the so called progressive idea of freedom. They advocated freedom from the tyranny of necessity. In this view, a person too hungry to work, or too poor to feed his or her family, is not really free. A rich person, in contrast, seems free to do many things that a poor person is unable to do. Freedom from hunger, freedom from disease, etc. necessitate a positive right to certain important things, such as food, shelter, and health care. Freedom is the absence of restraints according to the most common usage of the word worldwide. It actually encloses the four following types: 1. Physical freedom: the possibility for a person to go where he/she wants and do what he/she wants 2. Spiritual freedom: the privilege of being able to express ones thoughts or to live according to ones outlook 3. Natural freedom: the authority which enables a person to identify and to live with others of his/her people 4. State freedom: the ability of a person to live under a government of his/her choosing. Therefore, its undeniable that these types help clarifying the idea and the concept of freedom. Freedom is a magnificent word; not only because it covers all the abovementioned subdefinitions, but also because it represents the ultimate target of all human actions and sciences. According to Albert Einstein: All religions, arts and sciences are branches of the same tree. All these aspirations are directed toward ennobling mans life, lifting it from the sphere of mere physical existence and leading the individual towards freedom. Because of its wide range of notions, freedom, thus, is a relative experience. Few people think of freedom in very similar terms. To some, it is about political rights: the right to assemble, to free speech, to participate in government (vote, run for office), etc. To others, its all about property rights: to do with ones land and possessions. To others, freedom means freedom from hunger, or health fears, or other woes. To a few, freedom means total freedom to do anything in some cases limited only by other peoples freedom and in other cases limited only by the individuals will and ability to exercise power. Lets take for instance the American political life, the relativism is often described in terms of Economic Freedoms (issues like taxation, free trade and free enterprise) and Personal Freedoms (issues like drug legalization, abortion and draft); republicans support economic freedom more than personal freedom while democrats support personal freedom more than economic freedom. Freedom is no laughing matter since it can be really dangerous if not combined with the right kind of knowledge and with consciousness. For most of us, money is a means to freedom; if I have money, I have more freedom to do what I like. But in the pursuit of this freedom, I might forget the basic principles and limits predesigned b my conscious and get distracted by the glittering features of the means itself. At the present time, the struggle for freedom has turned into a sinister and melancholic path. Herein the question concerning the relativity of freedom is no longer questionable. In fact, the international political and social arena can provide us with some of the most suitable and expressive examples. For the Qaeda, freedom from the American imperialism can only be taken by force and by undertaking terrorist attacks against civilians. Unfortunately, the use of the word freedom has been nowadays over abused due to the lack of a deep and thorough comprehension of its true meaning. For instance the only meanings of freedom for teenagers is to go out freely, have a cool life and experience all the things that may seem ambiguous for them (drink alcohol, experience sex, try marijuana, etc) Many people claim to support freedom but the problem is that so few of them understand the true meaning of the word. Freedom is almost like everything else in this world; it is what we make of it. Hereafter, the true meaning of freedom for C. Wright Mills: Freedom is not merely the opportunity to do as one pleases; neither is it merely the opportunity to choose between set alternatives. Freedom is, first of all, the chance to formulate the available choices, to argue over them and then, the opportunity to choose.

A Chemist :: essays research papers

A Chemist Becoming a chemist takes a lot of hard work and discipline. One very importan aspect of being a chemist is English, Comunication is of the utter most importance (Murphy). As well as having good communication skills, you also need a lot of patience. However, there are many other qualities you will need such as an excellent learning ability and mathematical skills. You will also need to be able to preceive concepts or objects. Once you get into college you need to know what kind of degree to get in order to have a fulfilling and successful career. For most entry level jobs a BS degree is sufficient. However, for a college teaching job a Ph.D. is required (Choices). After obtaining a degree, your next step would be to find a job. According to Jerry Murphy, if you want an easy way into the chemistry field you need to know someone already in that occupation. For the most part in Missouri, employment is increasing. Nevertheless, if you are not restricted to finding a job in Missouri, in the United States a whole employment is expected to increase 21% (Choices). After finding a job in the chemistry field that you will enjoy another quesiton arises, money. On hte average if you begin working at a entry level job witha bachelors degree your salary will be somewhere around $24,000 a year. If you start work with a masters degree you can expect about $32,000 and with a Ph.D. as mcuh as $60,000 ("Chemists") Research and development is the subcareer most chemist choose. In this subfield your primary goal would be to look for and use information about chemicals ("Chemists"). A chemists also spends a considerable amount of time in an office where he/she stores information or reports about research he/she has made. There are two different types of research basic research and applied research. In basic research a chemists studies the qualities and what makes up matter. In applied chemistry a chemist uses information obtained from basic research and puts it to practical use ("Chemists"). Chemistry includes many other subfields some of these are analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry. Analytical chemists ascertain the nature, structure, and composition of a substance.

Comparison Between Comercial Arable Farming in Canada and Guyana Essay

Commercial arable farming is a system of farming carried out on a very large scale, it is the extensive cultivation of usually one crop for sale in order for large profits (Monoculture). Some examples of crops that are associated with commercial arable farming are tobacco in Cuba, sugarcane in Barbados and Cotton in India. Guyana, a Caribbean territory located between Venezuela and Suriname in South America practices arable farming on a large scale. Their crop/product for export is lumber, simply because forests are the most abundant resource in Guyana. They cover about 80% of the country. These forests range from dry evergreen and seasonal forests to evergreen rainforests. These trees (which the lumber comes from) grow in the forests areas which are located mainly to the northwest of the territory where Guyana receives majority of its rainfall due to the ITCZ and other weather conditions. Some species of lumber produced by Guyana are; * Greenheart- used for the construction of houses, jetties, bridges etc. * Purpleheart- floors and ceilings * Wallaba- charcoal, firewood and electricity poles * Mora- houses * Crabwood- furniture * Balata- used in handicraft and golf balls. Commercial Arable farming in Guyana is very important. It comes with a lot of benefits for both the country and the people. Some benefits and importance of Guyana’s forest industry include; * Employment: Since the forest industry is progressing on such a large scale it creates a high demand for employment. Persons get jobs in that sector very easily with a descent pay. * Foreign exchange and contribution to the GDP: With a successful forest industry Guyana will get a steady flow of income contributing to the country’s GDP. Exports of lumber to other countries are plentiful bringing more revenue. Reduces soil erosion and landslides: with so many trees planted, Guyana will have less soil erosion due to heavy rainfall. The tree roots will hold the soil together. * Ecosystems: the forest areas of Guyana are home to many rear species of plants. These need be protected and cherished for years to come. * Medicines research and scientific study: scientists and herbalist are able to scrutinize plants to develop new medication and conduct indebt scientific study. * Improves water supply: Trees have been shown to influence the flow of water. Trees reduce topsoil erosion by catching precipitation with their leaf canopies. This lessens the force of storms and slows down water runoff which in turn ensures that our groundwater supplies are continually being replenished. * Linkage Industry: Other industries and businesses may rely on the forestry industry in order for their progression. In every industry there are challenges that are faced. Examples of challenges faced by the forestry industry in Guyana are: * Technology- lumbering companies are not technologically advanced so they use old technology. In order to address this more advanced tools and equipments should be introduced to improve efficiency. Manpower- the industry has a shortage of skilled workers with great knowledge on the tasks and forestry. To improve this training can be done to improve and expand employee’s knowledge. * Sustainability- steps should be taken to preserve and conserve the forest resources. Unfortunately Guyana lacks the data needed for proper forest management. * Over exploitation-An increasing global demand, logging is taking place more frequent than trees can grow. Good management strategies and farming techniques are essential to ensure that the industry progresses. Diseases-Good forest management, regular spraying is needed to minimize diseases. The Guyanese governments are unable to fund and undertake such measures. Canada  is a North American country consisting of 10 provinces and 3 territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It also practices arable farming. Canada’s main crop for export is Wheat. In the early 1900’s the Prairie Provinces of Canada became a major wheat producing area and later one of the largest wheat exporters in the world. The Prairie Provinces are located between British Columbia and Ontario. Extending from the USA border into the territories of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatwan. This is because Canada has the right conditions for growing this crop. Some of these conditions are flat undulating land and the climate which is 500mm of rainfall annually which is sufficient for the ripening of the grain. Canada exports wheat to places such as USA, Europe, South America and the Caribbean. The Importance of the Wheat Industry in Canada; * The country receives a great Income and revenue because of the large amount of wheat exported. Jobs are created in this sector working in planting, harvesting, processing and shipping of the wheat. Some challenges faces in the wheat industry include: 1. Pesticides 2. Herbicides these all harm the development of the wheat plant 3. Fungicides 4. fertilizers 5. Bad weather- hail storms, frost during long winters affect the wheat 6. Fluctuation in world prices- some years in the past there is over production and excess wheat causes prices to fall. The opposite happens when there is a shortage in wheat. 7. Technology- New equipments to enhance work power. To address these challenges plants need to be sprayed to keep away bugs and pests. Weather should be monitored carefully daily. New machinery should be used in convenience and sufficiently. As shown in the above data, Canada and Guyana are completely different when talking about arable farming. They have different products but the same concept. Meaning that they sell the raw material and it is processed somewhere else to make something different (Linkage Industry). Arable farming clearly brings in a large part in there economy and has a big part of the GDP. They share similar challenges like technology.

Movie Review: Water Essay

Deepa Mehta’s movie entitled â€Å"Water† is a depiction of women and religion strugle within the culture of India. The characters in this story provided an attempt to justify the significance of women and religion to their society. The water in this movie played an important role into the characterization of the personas. It shows the main character’s personality and the being as the story progresses. However, it was not a just a simple of womanhood but a sturcture of a childhood persona. The main character is a young woman with a dead husband at the age of 8 years old. The writer and director of this film, generalized the concept of oppression towards women identity and struggle. Mehta wanted to justify the clashes between the concept of being a woman and the way on how women perceived religion. It was seen that the main character chose her family rather than the religion that she has. The whole story focused its attention on the culture and tradition of India when it comes to women and religion. Even if the director used different images and symbols that tackles the issues of the society, she still stands towards the issue of women especially on how religion perceived their character as part of the society. It is a dramatization of fear, anger, and dilemma of the main character towards her environnment. She is full of struggle throughout the movie that gave her the capability tp stand towards her beliefs. However, despite of her conviction when it comes to her social issues, personal problems occured within her especially financial circumstances. In conclusion to this, the whole story is simple but made a dramatic construction of the issues that are needed to obtain. At the end of the story, there is no concrete solution within the main persona and all her existing conflicts in life. Nevertheless, the writer and director discussed all the relevant issues that are connected to the main conflict as a way of justifying the thoughts and angst of the moral society. Reference Mehta, D. â€Å"Water†

50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix)

50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix) 50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix) 50 Diminutive Suffixes (and a Cute Little Prefix) By Mark Nichol Who knew there were this many ways to alter a word to connote belittlement or affection, or merely diminishment in size? Now, you do. Here’s a big list of little affixes: 1. -aster: This generally pejorative suffix denoting resemblance was common a couple hundred years ago but is rare today; the only well-known surviving instance is poetaster, a word describing an inferior poet. 2. -cule: This ending, sometimes with the letter c omitted, is common in medical and scientific vocabulary. Capsule and molecule are common examples; animalcule, referring to minute organisms such as bacteria, is rare in lay usage. 3. -culus: This direct borrowing from Latin is rarer than its Frenchified counterpart; calculus is perhaps the best-known form, though homunculus (â€Å"little man†) is an interesting example. 4. -el: This unassuming French diminutive appears frequently in ordinary language: chapel and tunnel are only two of many examples. 5-6. -ella, -ello: The feminine form of this Italian suffix is best known as part of Cinderella’s name; among objects, novella is perhaps the most familiar usage. When appended to a person’s name, -ella is often used in forming the scientific name of a species of bacteria, as in salmonella (the legacy of one D. E. Salmon). The masculine form is seen in bordello. 7. -elle: This rare suffix occurs in organelle. 8. -en: This suffix denotes a small or young form, as in kitten, though chicken is a reverse example: Originally, in Old English (as cicen), the term for adults was fowl, and chicken denoted a young bird. It also refers what something is made of, as in woolen. 9. -erel: As with -rel, words ending in -erel are sometimes pejorative, as in doggerel. 10. -ers: This diminutive does not literally suggest a reduction in size; it’s employed in coining slang such as bonkers and preggers. 11. -ster: This diminutive refers to a person who does or is what the root word indicates: gangster (and bankster, the recently coined sardonic extension in reaction to the perceived criminality of large banks), youngster. 12-13. -et, -ette: The masculine form of this French diminutive appears in such ubiquitous words as faucet and wallet. The feminine form of -et, more common in English than the masculine form, is seen in words such as cigarette and kitchenette. 14-15. -etto, -etti: The singular and plural Italian equivalents of -et are evident in borrowings from that language such as amaretto and spaghetti. 16. -ie: Words with this suffix are from English (as in doggie), Scottish (for example, laddie), or Dutch (such as cookie), or are diminutives of personal names, as in Charlie. 17. -il: Words ending in -il, such as codicil and pencil, came to English from Latin through French. 18-19. -illa, -illo: This Spanish diminutive appears in such words as vanilla and cigarillo. 20-21. -illus, -illi: This Latin form is rare, confined in usage to bacillus/bacilli and lapillus/lapilli. 22. -ine: This French diminutive is on display in figurine, tambourine, and the like. Sometimes, as with linguine, words so appended derive from Italian. 23-25. -ina, -ino -ini: These feminine and masculine forms, of Italian or Spanish origin, are shown in marina, palomino, and many other words. The plural form, -ini, is mostly associated with food: panini, zucchini. 26. -ing: This English diminutive generally appears in references to fractions or parts, as in farthing or tithing. 27. -ish: This suffix can be added to almost any noun to create an adjective noting the connection or similarity of one thing to another: English, greenish. 28-29. -ita, -ito: Spanish words including the feminine form -ita (such as fajita) and -ito (burrito, for example) have been borrowed into English. 30. -kin: This Dutch diminutive is usually found in obscure words like cannikin, but napkin survives in general usage; mannequin, more common than the Dutch-derived manikin, is the only French derivation to be used widely in English. The plural form is often attached to given names to form an affectionate diminutive: Mollykins, for example. 31. -le: Words with this ending can either be of Latin origin (such as article or particle which, like particular, stems from particula) or from Middle English (bundle, puddle). 32–33. -let, -lette: These forms, respectively indirectly and directly borrowed from French, are seen, for example, in booklet and roulette; omelet was formerly written as omelette. 34. -ling: Words formed with this diminutive are generally but not exclusively affectionate: darling, duckling, but underling. 35. -o: This diminutive can be endearing or belittling: kiddo, wacko. 36. -ock: This form from Old English is best know in the plural usage buttocks, but it’s also recognizable in hillock, mattock, and other words. 37. -ola: This artificial suffix is seen in slang (payola) or current or former brand names (respectively, Victrola and granola or pianola). 38. -ole: This rare French suffix appears in casserole. 39-40. -olo, -oli: Piccolo, borrowed from Italian by way of French, is a double diminutive, because the root word means â€Å"little†; ravioli includes a plural form of -olo. 41. -olus: This Latin diminutive shows up in scientific terminology from Latin, such as nucleolus. 42-43. -ot, -otte(s): These French endings are rare in common nouns (harlot, culottes) but are seen in given names like Charlotte and Margot. 44. -rel: This more common variant of -erel is often but not always pejorative: mongrel and scoundrel, but not kestrel. 45-46. -sie(s) or -sy: The first variant of this baby-talk slang is found, for example, in footsie and onesies, while the second appears in teensy-weensy and the like and names like Betsy. 47. -ula: This Latin suffix shows up in formula, spatula, and other words. 48. -ule: This diminutive, found in granule, nodule, and other words, comes directly from Latin or indirectly from it through French. 49. -ulum: This Latin suffix appears in such words as pabulum and pendulum. 50. -y: This form, with doubling of the preceding letter, is seen both in diminutives of given names, such as Bobby and Patty, and in words like puppy and mommy. In addition, the flexible prefix mini- is easily attached to any existing word, such as in miniskirt, minivan, and so on. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†Driver License vs. Driver’s LicensePrepositions to Die With

buy custom The Life of People with Disabilities essay

buy custom The Life of People with Disabilities essay People perceive them as different/abnormal. For instance, they refer to them with sharp, short names such as A.D.D, autistic, hyper. They think that people with disabilities are not knowledgeable enough; that they do not even such basic tasks as reciting ABCs, count one to five or even be able to play with other children of their age. Their parents see them as normal kids, but not the people surrounding them (Irish Center). Robinson (2003) says that people tend to view those with disabilities as needing pity. When I watched, read and listened from this module, my initial feelings were composed of pity. My perception was that they need special attention; that they cannot be included in the same programs as others. Initially, I thought that these peoples lives were hard and that they were tasking to their families. Since some are blind, others cannot walk, others do no hear and are autistic, I tended to think that they could not be of much help; rather they would require mch from those without disabilities. Did the initial thoughts and perceptions you had at the beginning change after completing the module? However, after going through the module, I was convinced otherwise. The observations I made on the experiences of those people do not entirely agree with this negative view. I found out that a person with a disability does not necessarily have to be a beggar, ill nor unable. For instance, there are various people with different disabilities featured in the module. Andrea Bocelli is blind, but has a Doctorate of Law and is a reputable musician with several awards for his title; there is a teenager with Down syndrome celebrating a golf shot; a guitarist with no arms and many more cases (Irish Center). This shows that they are just normal like any other person; they have talents like we do and are bright too. They are able to support their own lives and those of others. Additionally, it was evident that there are certain religious and ethnic perspectives influence peoples views both positively or negatively regarding those with disabilities. However, if people in various professions lea rnt to engage them as normal students, patients or employees, they would fit appropriately. Share at least one strategy for fostering an inclusive environment in your classroom. One strategy that can be used for fostering an inclusive environment in class is using inclusive language; and the appropriate modes of address; and discouraging classroom incivilities. One can achieve this by celebrating the similarities, while, at the same time, discovering the differences between students. Support accessibility of computer and other information technologies as methods of interaction between lecturer and students. Also, one should provide students with opportunities to interact informally with him . Establishing ground rules for good classroom conduct are essential to protect insensitivity and cultural exclusion (Barker M). Buy custom The Life of People with Disabilities essay

How to Format a Book 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid

How to Format a Book 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid How to Format a Book: 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid Self-publishinghas changed everything.Before, you were at the mercy of your publisher on how your book format looked, but today, you have control over this entire process.In fact, you have the final say over everything in your finished manuscript is displayed. Therefore, knowing the proper book format you need is crucial. And with great power comes great responsibility.If youre not careful, you may end up with a sloppy and messy manuscript that an editor will refuse to work on until you tidy it up.Or worse, your audience will slam your book with negative reviews because you published it riddled with errors.An unprofessionallooking book will not only distract readers, it will harm your brand and label you as an amateur, affecting the sales of future books as wellas your current one.Your completed self-published book should convey professionalism in all aspects including with its book format.7 Money-Sucking Book Format MistakesThere are over a hundred things that can go wrong with you r book formatting, and if we wrote about all of them youd be reading from sun-up till sun-down. But fear not!From our experience, most authors make the same mistakes when with their book format.In this article, you’re going to learn what the most common book formatting errors and how to avoid them. By avoiding these mistakes, not only will you have a professional looking manuscript, but youll make the process of designing your book to publish on Amazons Kindle or in print via CreateSpace a lot easier.If you have a completed manuscript with botched book formatting on your hands, this article will teach you how to fix it using Microsoft Word.(A quick note: its possible to do many of the fixes in Google Docs, however, Word has a more comprehensive set of features, so its better to use that when formatting your complete manuscript.)NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Lea rn more about it here#1 Avoid Hard Indents in Your Book FormatA hard indent is when paragraph indentations are created by manual use of the keyboard’s Tab key.Many of us learned how to type using the Tab key to create an indent at the start of each paragraph, so this can be a tough habit to break.When it comes to book formatting, use of the Tab key is a no-no, because it results in an indent that’s far larger than you need.With fiction book formatting, you want to have just a small indent at the start of each paragraph. If your book is non-fiction, generally speaking, you want to use block paragraphs rather than indents, unless your book is a memoir or historical fiction. (More on that in tip #2.) If your book is fiction, you may be wondering how to create paragraphs without the Tab key. The fix is simple: In MS Word, set the Paragraph settings to automatically create indentations for the first line in each paragraph.This simple auto fix will make creating your book fo rmat way easier. In Word 2016, on both Mac Windows, to get to Paragraph settings, click the Paragraphdialog box launcher on the Homeor Layouttab. Then on the Indents and Spacingtab, go to the box under Special and click on First line. You can change the size of the indent using the box to the right. If you’re wondering how big to make your indents, my advice is to pull your favorite book off the shelf, open it up, and take a peek. How big are the paragraph indents?Experiment with making yours larger or smaller, printing out the page, and comparing them to the book in your hand.But what if your 535-page tome has already been drafted, using the dreaded Tab key for each and every paragraph? No need to set fire to your laptop!Here’s what to do to clean it up:Use Find and Replace (Ctrl+H or Control+H or here’s how to find it in Word 2016 on Macand on Windows.)Enter ^t in the Find (This will help you find every â€Å"Tab† in the document.)Leave the Replace fi eld blank.Hit Replace All.Going forward, set your Paragraph settings so that you don’t have to remove hard indents again. Presto!You now have a much prettier, easier-to-convert document through the magic of technology that will make your book format much more professional-looking.#2 Indentation vs. Block ParagraphsWorks of non-fiction today typically don’t use indentation, except for some notable exceptions we will discuss momentarily. Rather, a popular book format for modern non-fiction is the block paragraph.What’s a block paragraph? A block paragraph doesn’t have indentation on the opening line, but instead uses a horizontal line of white space beneath each paragraph. This helps to delineate the separation between paragraphs. For instance, I used block paragraphs in my latest bookPublished., which looks like this:The reasoning behind whether you should use indentation vs. block paragraphs is this: in works where one thought should flow smoothly into t he next, such as in a novel, paragraph indentations are used with no line spacing between paragraphs.But in books where complicated information is being consumed, having a single line space between paragraphs aids the brain in processing one piece of information before moving on to the next.Here is an example from a fiction novel, The Saviors Champion by full-time, self-published author Jenna Moreci of what it looks like to use indents instead of block paragraphs:An exception to the block paragraph for non-fiction/indents for fiction guideline:non-fiction narratives,such as a memoiror historical fiction, should use the same indent style described above in tip #1.In non-fiction works where some information should flow, and other sections require more brain power to comprehend, some authors decide to mix formatting types and use indentation where appropriate and block paragraphs where useful.But in general, to avoid confusing the reader and to make your book look uniform, clean, and a s if you didn’t make a book formatting error, it’s best to choose one style or the other and stick with it throughout your book.However, if you insist on getting crazy and mixing it up, knowing how andwhen to use block paragraphsversus when to indent results in a more professional manuscript.#3 Avoid Double Spaces After PeriodsHere’s the truth: Two spaces after a period iswrong. Period. (Ha!) Just as with the good old-fashioned Tab key indent, two spaces after a period may have been the norm back when you were learning to type.This is because, with typewriters, characters were all the same width, so the two-space rule allowed for greater readability. With modern computer fonts, the characters all fit closer together in a proportional fashion, thereby eradicating the need for that one additional space.Most major style guides- including theChicago Manual of Style, which is used by traditional publishers- now formally recognize the more modern single-space rule.Fr om an aesthetics angle, one space looks neater, which your readers’ eyes will appreciate. Before you convert your manuscript, change all double spaces to single spaces. The result will be a better formatted, stylistically correct book.You’re going to use that super handy â€Å"Find and Replace† function again:Enter two spaces in the Find (This will help you find every double space in the document.)Enter a single space into the Replace field.Hit Replace All.Voila! Like magic.#4 Be Cautious with HyphensImproper hyphenation is a common error that may be harder to stay on top of because the rules of hyphenation differ depending on the grammatical situation.So when it comes to your book format, youll have to do some research.Generally, keep these three rules in mind while you write so youll have to do less work when its time for book formatting:Two or more words that, together, function as an adjective are joined with a hyphen. For example, dark-pink skirt or two-wa y street.Two words or more that form a number are joined with a hyphen. For example, twenty-one.Compound words, which are two words that are joined together to make a single word, donotrequire a hyphen. For example, toothbrush or starfish.Two or more separate words that are used as a single word or idea. For example, action-grabbing, top-notch, or larger-than-life.When in doubt, look it up! For a more detailed treatment of the hyphen, here is an important source to consider:Elements of Style.#5 Know When to Use Quotes vs. an ApostropheFew things scream â€Å"new writer† like a book formatted with punctuation errors. You want to make sure you’re usingquotes and apostrophescorrectly so you don’t lose credibility with your readers.When to use quotes in your book format:When you’re quoting someone, use quotes! This means either a person is speaking- like in fiction- or you are borrowing material verbatim from another source, like in non-fiction.Use of quotes is rarely needed for common expressions.Ironic terms can be set off in quotes.Overuse of quotes can get annoying, so be judicious in their application.When to use apostrophes:Use an apostrophe for possessive form (except the word its.) For example: The cat’s toys are blue.Use an apostrophe for contractions, such as it is. For example: The cat’s playing with its toys. It’s a happy cat.Avoid using an apostrophe for plural forms. For example: Five cats ran past her.Again, the rules can be complicated, such as when to use an apostrophe when dealing with an acronym, so when in doubt,look it up.#6 Be Careful When Using the Enter KeyThere are many times in your book youll want to go to a new page or to create a blank page.This is simple right? Hit enter a few times, and presto, youve got a new page.Wrong.Using paragraph breaks, or hitting enter to create a new page can createmanyproblems when it comes to getting your manuscript ready to publish.For instance, you or y our book designer will need to change your page size or page setup according to the book size and style youve chosen. Using paragraph breaks will create extra space where none is needed and will change the page layouts of your book, making your book look ugly.If youre wondering why after you change your paper size, your chapter headings are no longer at the top of the page, but halfway down, it was because of your liberal use of paragraph breaks.Instead, use the page break function. This instantly creates a new page, and it remains a new page even when youve changed the page size, page layout, or added more content above. On Microsoft Word, this can be done by pressing Ctrl+Enter (Windows) or Cmd+Enter (Mac).You can also find it in the ribbon in Word. Google Docs also has this feature. In Word 2016 go to Insert Page Break In Google Docs go to Insert Break Page Break#7 Use the Styles Feature Instead of Formatting YourselfStop formatting your chapter titles yourself. Many writers indicate a title or subtitle by simply changing the font size and changing the font from the default font (ah,Times New Roman, how we miss you) and thinking their job is done.This makes navigating and formatting your book a pain.What you want to do is use MSWords Styles feature. Google Docs also has this feature. In Word 2016, you can find the Styles section under the Home tab on both Mac Windows.In Google Docs the styles section can be found by clicking the box between the zoom level and the font type.When creating a new chapter, highlight the chapter heading, and then make it a header by applying the relevant style. If its the main heading make it Heading 1, if its a subtitle make it Heading 2, etc.This has the added benefit of allowing you to easily automatically create a table of contents page, or to navigate through your 30,000-word manuscript with Words navigation pane, while also making your book format look professional.You Need a Proper Book FormatWithout question you want your book to stand out because of its invaluable content, stunning tone of voice, and laser targeted towards your audience.However, don’t let your book formatting or grammatical errors get in the way of your book’s success. If youve written your book, and are ready to get it published, follow the guide you just read to make sure your manuscript isnt full of errors.For tips on how to format your book for Kindle, its best to follow Amazons comprehensive guideon the matter. It will help you design your title page on a different first page, your copyright page, trimming to the correct paper size, and the million other things you need to do to get your book ready for print.Your Next StepsThirty years ago, it would have been impossible to publish a book yourself. Today you have all the tools you need to produce a flawless manuscript.Take the time to review your book- and hire an editorand a book designer- to make sure your book formatting is perfectly professional.If youre ready to polish your book format and move on in the publishing process, heres what you can do next.#1 Join your free training!Its not enough to put together a pretty book. You also have to know what to do once youre done and how to go about making itsell! Thats where we come in.